Aggressive behavior can cause physical or emotional harm to others. It may range from verbal abuse to physical abuse. It can also involve harming personal property. Aggressive behavior violates social boundaries. It can lead to breakdowns in your relationships. It can be obvious or secretive. Occasional aggressive outbursts are common and even normal in the right circumstances.
However, you should speak to your doctor if you experience aggressive behavior frequently or in patterns. When you engage in aggressive behavior, you may feel irritable and restless. You may feel impulsive. You may find it hard to control your behavior. You might not know which behaviors are socially appropriate. In other cases, you might act aggressively on purpose. For example, you may use aggressive behavior to get revenge or provoke someone. You may also direct aggressive behavior towards yourself.
This can help you address it. As an adult, you might act aggressively in response to negative experiences. For example, you might get aggressive when you feel frustrated. Your aggressive behavior may also be linked to depression, anxiety, PTSD, or other mental health conditions.
Many mental health conditions can contribute to aggressive behavior. For example, these conditions include:. Brain damage can also limit your ability to control aggression. You may experience brain damage as the result of:. Cyberbullying can be directed at anyone, but lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered LGBT students are most likely to be the targets Potok, Hinduja and Patchin found that youth who report being victims of cyberbullying experience a variety of stresses from it, including psychological disorders, alcohol use, and in extreme cases, suicide.
There is perhaps no clearer example of the prevalence of violence in our everyday lives than the increase in terrorism that has been observed in the past decade National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, These terrorist attacks have occurred in many countries across the world, in both Eastern as well as Western cultures.
Even affluent Western democracies such as Denmark, Italy, Spain, France, Canada, and the United States have experienced terrorism, which has killed thousands of people, primarily innocent civilians. Terrorists use tactics such as killing civilians to create publicity for their causes and to lead the governments of the countries that are attacked to overrespond to the threats McCauley, How can we understand the motives and goals of terrorists? Are they naturally evil people whose primary desire is to hurt others?
Or are they more motivated to gain something for themselves, their families, or their countries? What are the thoughts and feelings that terrorists experience that drive them to their extreme behaviors? And what person and situational variables cause terrorism? Prior research has attempted to determine if there are particular personality characteristics that describe terrorists Horgan, Perhaps terrorists are individuals with some kind of deep psychological disturbance.
However, the research conducted on various terrorist organizations does not reveal anything distinctive about the psychological makeup of individual terrorists. Empirical data have also found little evidence for some of the situational variables that might have been expected to be important.
There is little evidence for a relation between poverty or lack of education and terrorism. Furthermore, terrorist groups seem to be quite different from each other in terms of their size, organizational structure, and sources of support. Arie Kruglanski and Shira Fishman have argued that it is best to understand terrorism not from the point of view of either particular personality traits or particular situational causes but rather as a type of instrumental aggression—a means to an end.
Kruglanski and his colleagues argue that terrorists believe that they can gain something through their terrorist acts that they could not gain through other methods. The terrorist makes a cognitive, deliberate, and instrumental decision that his or her action will gain particular objectives.
Thus, for the terrorist, willingness to die in an act of suicidal terrorism may be motivated not so much by the desire to harm others but rather by self-concern—the desire to live forever. Breivik planned his attacks for years, believing that his actions would help spread his conservative beliefs about immigration and alert the Norwegian government to the threats posed by multiculturalism and particularly the inclusion of Muslims in Norwegian society.
This violent act of instrumental aggression is typical of terrorists. Ames, D. Psychological Science, 24 9 , Archer, J.
An integrated review of indirect, relational, and social aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 9 3 , — Berko, A. Blumenfeld, W. Violence is aggression in action. It is defined as physical assault with intent to harm or injure others.
However, all aggression does not lead to violence, but intent to harm others remains at the root of violence. Predators hunting their preys show violence that is not a result of anger. Child abuse is the most destructive form of violent behavior shown by parents and other care givers. This is a phenomenon that has given birth to another related problem that is increased violent behavior by youth.
Psychologists have been trying to unearth the reasons for increased violent behaviors, but they say that it is a result of a number of factors laying together rather than simple child abuse.
Clearly, anger management did not sufficiently change the way Harris thought about aggression and violence. Aggression can also differ in three key ways :. The GAM suggests that certain events an insult, or slap can activate aggressive thoughts, aggressive emotions or a combination of both, which can trigger an aggressive impulse.
While elevated physiological arousal may increase the likelihood that the person will enact that impulse, thinking through consequences and considering alternate responses usually reduces aggression.
Crucially, anger need not be present. Although anger can be channelled constructively , it seems clear that aggressive behaviour can compound. Aggressive actions most often increase the likelihood of further aggression , and enacted aggression does not reduce aggressive impulses. Violence and aggression beyond a mild degree almost always involve additional factors. A tendency towards impulsivity and keeping company with delinquent peers are risk factors. Protective factors include positive parenting , and conflict skills.
The GAM and these findings have clear implications for how each factor should be managed.
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