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Performance Performance. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Analytics Analytics. Antacids shouldn't be taken at the same time as other medicines, because they can stop other medicines from being properly absorbed by your body.
They may also damage the special coating on some types of tablets. Ask your GP or pharmacist for advice. Alginates are an alternative medicine to antacids. They work by producing a protective coating that shields the lining of your stomach and oesophagus from the effects of stomach acid. H2RAs block the effects of the chemical histamine, which your body uses to produce stomach acid. H2RAs therefore help to reduce the amount of acid in your stomach.
Side effects of H2RAs are uncommon. However, possible side effects may include diarrhoea , headaches , tiredness and a rash. Some H2RAs are available over the counter at pharmacies. These types of HR2As are taken in a lower dosage than the ones available on prescription. Ask your GP or pharmacist if you're not sure whether these medicines are suitable for you. PPIs work by reducing the amount of acid produced by your stomach. Examples of the PPIs you may be prescribed include omeprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole and esomeprazole.
Most people tolerate PPIs well and side effects are uncommon. When they do occur, they're usually mild and can include headaches, diarrhoea, feeling sick or constipation.
To minimise any side effects, your GP will prescribe the lowest possible dose of PPIs they think will be effective. A stronger dose may be needed. Surgery is usually only recommended for a sliding hiatus hernia hernias that move up and down, in and out of the chest area if the problem fails to respond to lifestyle changes and medication.
You may also want to consider surgery if you have persistent and troublesome symptoms, but don't want to take medication on a long-term basis. Prior to surgery, you may need further investigations to check how well the oesophagus moves manometry and how much acid is being refluxed hour oesopageal pH studies. A procedure called a laparoscopic nissen fundoplication LNF is one of the most common surgical techniques used to treat GORD and sliding hiatus hernias.
LNF is a type of keyhole surgery that involves making a series of small cuts in your abdomen. Carbon dioxide gas is used to inflate your abdomen to give the surgeon room to work in. During LNF, the stomach is put back into the correct position and the diaphragm around the lower part of the oesophagus is tightened. This should prevent any acid moving back out of your stomach. LNF is carried out under general anaesthetic , so you won't feel any pain or discomfort.
The surgery takes 60 to 90 minutes to complete. After having LNF, you should be able to leave hospital after you've recovered from the effects of the general anaesthetic. This is usually within 2 to 3 days.
Depending on the type of job you do, you should be able to return to work within 3 to 6 weeks. For the first 6 weeks after surgery, it's recommended that you only eat soft food, such as mince, mashed potatoes or soup.
Avoid eating hard food that could get stuck at the site of the surgery, such as toast, chicken or steak. Common side effects of LNF include difficulties swallowing dysphagia , belching, bloating and flatulence. These side effects should resolve over the course of a few months. However, in about 1 in cases they can be persistent.
In such circumstances, further corrective surgery may be required. If you have a para-oesophageal hiatus hernia, where the stomach pushes up through the hole in the diaphragm next to the oesophagus, surgery may be recommended to reduce the risk of the hernia becoming strangulated see complications of a hiatus hernia for more information.
Hiatus hernias that slide in and out of the chest area sliding hiatus hernias can cause gastro-oesophageal reflux disease GORD. If we combine this information with your protected health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of privacy practices.
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You will also receive emails from Mayo Clinic on the latest health news, research, and care. A hiatal hernia occurs when weakened muscle tissue allows your stomach to bulge up through your diaphragm. It's not always clear why this happens. But a hiatal hernia might be caused by:. Hiatal hernia care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version.
This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Hiatal hernia Open pop-up dialog box Close. Hiatal hernia A hiatal hernia occurs when the upper part of your stomach bulges through your diaphragm into your chest cavity. Email address. Not everyone with a hiatus hernia develops symptoms.
However, if you have a hiatus hernia you are more prone to reflux acid into your gullet oesophagus , which can cause heartburn and other symptoms. If symptoms do occur, treatment with acid-suppressing medication usually works well. The gut gastrointestinal tract is the tube that starts at the mouth and ends at the back passage anus. The upper gut includes the gullet oesophagus , stomach and the first part of the small intestine the duodenum. Food passes down the oesophagus into the stomach.
The stomach makes acid which helps to digest food. After being mixed in the stomach, food passes into the duodenum to be digested. The walls of the stomach contain muscle. At the junction of the stomach and the oesophagus there is a thickened area of muscle which is called a sphincter. The sphincter acts like a valve. When food comes down the oesophagus into the stomach, the sphincter relaxes.
However, it closes at other times to stop food and acid in the stomach going back up refluxing into the oesophagus. The diaphragm is a large flat muscle that separates the lungs from the tummy abdomen.
It helps us to breathe. The oesophagus comes through a hole hiatus in the diaphragm just before it joins to the stomach.
Normally, all of the stomach is below the diaphragm. The muscle fibres in the diaphragm around the lower oesophagus help the sphincter to keep the oesophagus closed to prevent reflux of acid and food.
You may also see hiatus hernias referred to as types depending on where the stomach and oesophagus are in relation to the diaphragm. The exact number of people with a hiatus hernia is not known, as many people with a hiatus hernia do not have symptoms.
However, they are thought to be common. Some studies suggest that up to half of people having tests for indigestion dyspepsia are discovered to have a hiatus hernia. The cause of hiatus hernia is not clear. It is thought that most develop in people over the age of 50 years. It may be that the diaphragm muscle weakens with age.
This allows part of the stomach to protrude through the hole in the diaphragm. Factors which increase the pressure in the tummy abdomen , such as regular coughing, repeated lifting of heavy objects, or obesity , may increase the risk of developing a hiatus hernia. It may be more likely if one of your close relatives has a hiatus hernia.
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